Mr. Scott Newman of the Christian Flag project contacted us after learning of our Christian flag raising in Boston last week. He told us of his and his organization’s goal to get one million Christian flags raised around the United Stated by September 26.
Here is the interview we did with Scott on Catching Fire News:
https://catchingfire.news/2022/08/08/the-christian-flag-project/

From the Christian Flag Project’s website:
The Christian Flag Project was formed to have at least 1 million flags flying by Sept 26th by Christians across America on their homes and businesses. We passionately move towards this goal with each flag hoisted bravely in our communities.
Join in our passionate mission to achieve our 1 million+ Christian flags flying together boldly as Brothers and Sisters in Christ. It’s easy to join in the movement without leaving your home.
1) Plant a flag in your community by flying your Christian Flag on your home or business
2) Post your Christian Flag flying on social with #ChristianFlagProject so we can add your community to our map
3) If you don’t have a Christian Flag, order the Official Flag Project Flag .
While noticing the American flag near the podium, he starting talking about flags and their symbolism. The concept was born when Overton proposed that Christians should have their own flag, and it continued to stay on his mind for years to come after the speech.
Eventuallly, in 1907, Overton teamed up with Ralph Diffendorfer, an officer with the Methodist Missionary Movement, to help in creating the flag.
It’s interesting to note that the colors on the flag match those on the American flag. White represents purity and peace, blue indicates fidelity, and red stands for Christ’s blood sacrifice.
The Christian flag is regularly displayed outside of buildings, churches, and in classrooms, but few realize its important history and significance dating back over a century.
This is a letter Sam sent to Mr. Wayne Thompson of Cloud Ten Pictures. While he never got a reply, there was a documentary entitled Indoctrination http://www.indoctrinationmovie.com/ which Sam appeared.
SA M U E L L. B L U M E N F E L D
161 Great Road Littleton, MA 01460 978-952-2445
slblu123@verizon.net
April 2, 2010
Wayne Thompson
Vice President, Cloud Ten Pictures
PO Box 1440
Niagara Falls, NY 14303
Dear Mr. Thompson,
I am the author of ten books on education, with a main interest in the issue of literacy and
how schools teach reading to make it impossible for many children to learn to read.
We have had a reading problem in this country and Canada ever since the 1930s when the
public schools changed the way reading is taught. They discarded the time-tested
alphabetic-phonics method and imposed a new sight-word or whole-word method that
teaches children to read English as if it were Chinese.
Americans first became aware of this problem in 1955 when Dr. Rudolf Flesch wrote his
famous book, Why Johnny Can’t Read. In that book he told parents and educators that
when you impose an ideological reading program on an alphabetic system you get
dyslexia and reading disability.
In my various writings I have shown why progressive educators decided to impose this
faulty teaching method on the public schools of North America. It had nothing to do
with enhancing literacy. Its aim was to destroy independent intelligence and turn the
children into little socialists. In 2007, the National Endowment for the Arts released an
alarmingv8b7y report on America’s declining literacy, Reading at Risk. The
Endowment’s chairman, Dana Gioia, stated: “This is a massive social problem. We are
losing the majority of the new generation. They will not achieve anything close to their
potential because of poor reading.”
A hard-hitting documentary film exposing this socialist plan to destroy literacy ought to
be made. When millions of children are unable to read the word of God, they become
the victims of any despotic power that hates God. I wish I had the means to make such a
film. But I do not. And that is why I am writing you. Your interest in the health of
children should make you angry at the thought that millions of children are being
deliberately dumbed down and turned into functional illiterates in order to serve the
purposes of atheist socialists. If such a project interests you, please let me know.
Sincerely yours,
Please visit and sign up for the Sam Blumenfeld Archives: https://campconstitution.net/sam-blumenfeld-archive/

The following is a news release from Liberty Counsel:
Aug 4, 2022

Staver said, “For 12 years prior to 2017, and for five years from 2017 to 2022, up until August 3, your viewpoint was excluded from this flagpole public forum. Every viewpoint was permissible to go on this public forum flagpole except a Christian viewpoint. You were excluded for 12 years before this issue began. For 12 years there were 284 applications, not a single denial, virtually no review and the only reason why Camp Constitution’s request to fly this flag was denied was not because of the flag itself. It was Hal Shurtleff’s view of that flag. It was because of one word in the application––the word ‘Christian’ that preceded the word ‘flag.’ He was told by the city official that if he changed the name of the flag to a non-religious name on the application, that flag could have flown in 2017 if Hal would have lied and called it the Camp Constitution flag. This is not the Camp Constitution flag. It is the Christian flag.”
After Staver argued the case before the U.S. Supreme Court on January 18, 2022, the High Court ruled 9-0 on May 2 that the city of Boston violated the Constitution by censoring a private flag in a public forum open to “all applicants” merely because the application referred to it as a “Christian flag.” The High Court stated that it is not government speech, and because the government admitted it censored the flag because it was referred to as a Christian flag on the application, the censorship was viewpoint discrimination, and there is no Establishment Clause defense.
With Justice Breyer writing the opinion, the High Court wrote that “Boston did not make the raising and flying of private groups’ flags a form of government speech. That means, in turn, that Boston’s refusal to let Shurtleff and Camp Constitution raise their flag based on its religious viewpoint ‘abridg[ed]’ their ‘freedom of speech.’”
In addition, the Court wrote, “Here, Boston concedes that it denied Shurtleff ’s request solely because the Christian flag he asked to raise ‘promot[ed] a specific religion.’ App. to Pet. for Cert. 155a (quoting Rooney deposition). Under our precedents, and in view of our government-speech holding here, that refusal discriminated based on religious viewpoint and violated the Free Speech Clause” (emphasis added).

The Benefits of Cursive Writing By Sam Blumenfeld
The teaching of handwriting has a low priority among educators these days. They believe that handwriting is passe and that in the future everyone will be using worn processors to do their writing. But have you noticed how easy it is to make errors when writing an email? Parents can be quite confused by the subject of handwriting. So whenever I lecture at a homeschool convention, I always ask by a show of hands if parents think that handwriting should be formally taught. Usually, the response is unanimously positive. -So you agree that teaching your child to write is an important part of your homeschooling curriculum. The next question I raise is: -If you believe that handwriting should be formally taught. do you believe that your child should be taught manuscript – also known as ‘ball and-stick’ – first or cursive first? Most parents assume that ball-and-stick should precede cursive, because that’s the way they were taught in school. Besides, it is supposed to be easier that way. But then I tell them that when I was in primary school in the 1930s, like their grandparents, we were all taught cursive handwriting, or what was then known as “penmanship, · using pens dipped in real ink.
That was before ballpoint pens were invented. We were actually taught in the first grade that there was a correct way to hold a pen so that we would be able write with ease and facility without tiring. Thus, in those ancient days, an important part of the primary curriculum was the development of good handwriting, and we were given plenty of drill to make that possible. This surprises most parents who assume that print script always preceded cursive writing. But when I tell them otherwise, I then have to explain why cursive should precede print script and not vice versa. If you teach a child to print for the first two years, that child develops writing habits that will become permanent. Thus, when you try to get your child to switch to cursive in the third grade, you will find resistance to learning a whole new way of writing.
That child may continue to print for the rest of his or her life. Some children develop a hybrid handwriting consisting of a mixture of both print and cursive. That seems to have become the dominant form of writing in America. And there are those children who develop a good cursive handwriting because they have always wanted to and practiced it secretly on the side. Thus, experience dearly indicates that if you teach ball-and-stick first, your child may never develop a decent cursive handwriting, while if you teach cursive first, your child can always learn to print very nicely later on. In other words, cursive first and print later makes good developmental sense. An important and frequently overlooked benefit is that cursive helps a child learn to read. With ball-and-stick it is very easy to confuse b’s and d’s. But with cursive, a b starts like an I, and a d starts like an a. The distinction that children make in writing the letters in cursive carries over to the reading process. In addition, in writing print script, the letter’s may be all over the page, sometimes written from left to right and from right to left. In cursive, where all of the letters connect. the child learns directional discipline. This helps in learning to spell, for how the letters join with one another creates habits of hand movement that automatically aid the spelling process. Of course, your child should also be taught to print. That can easily be done after your child has developed a good cursive handwriting. Another important benefit of cursive first is if your child is left-handed. A right-handed individual tilts the paper counterclockwise in order to give one’s handwriting the proper slant. With the left-handed child, the paper must be tilted in an extreme clockwise position so that the child can write from the bottom up. If the paper is not tilted clockwise, the left-handed child may want to use the hook. form of writing. This usually happens when the child is taught ball-and-stick first with the paper in a straight up position. If you consider good handwriting or fine penmanship a desired outcome of your home teaching, then you must teach cursive first. There are a number of good cursive programs available on the market. The Abeka program from Pensacola Christian College is probably one of the best available. I am often asked if Italic is a good way of teaching a child to write. Italic script is more in the class of calligraphy than handwriting, and therefore takes longer to learn and requires more skill than a standard cursive handwriting. So, simply learn this simple principle: cursive first. print later.
(Sam developed a cursive writing program and is available on the Sam Blumenfeld Archives: https://campconstitution.net/blumenfelds-writing-tutor/

Camp Constitution’s 14th Annual Family Camp concluded last Friday (July 22). The camp was held, for the third year in a row, at the Singing Hills Christian Camp in Plainfield, NH. On Sunday July 17, the first day of camp, attendees were visited by General John Stark depicted by reenactor Richard Wright of Troy, NH.

Senior campers, and adults attended classes taught by world renowned astrophysicist Professor Wille Soon, journalist and author Alex Newman, who hosts a daily show on Frank Speech, Rev, Steven Craft, Liberty Counsel attorney Jonathan Alexandre, Catherine White of the Constitution Decoded, and Pastor David Whitney of the Institution on the Constitution just to name a few. All the classes were videotaped and are available on Camp Constitution’s Rumble page: https://rumble.com/account/content?type=all

(Attorney Jonathan Alexandre)
The Junior campers were divided into two groups 4-8 years old taught by Mrs. Edith Craft, and ages 9-12 taught by Mrs. Roberta Steward and Mrs. Kathy Mickel who also serves as the camp nurse. Mrs. Bonnie Wilder of the Daughters of the American Revolution gave the Junior campers lessons on U.S. History. The Juniors were entertained by Alan Belanger, a professional clown and juggler who made creative balloons for the campers.

Each day started out with an optional swim and/or run led by Mrs. Erin and Mr. Sean McDermott of Revolution Fitness. Daily morning devotions and flag raising started each day at 7:50 AM where campers, and staff heard Reveille played by Franklin Soon. On Wednesday afternoon, some campers and staff took advantage of the optional field trip to the nearby Augustus Saint-Gaudens Homestead. Attendees also had the opportunity to participate in marksmanship classes.

(Augustus Saint-Gaudens Homestead Cornish, NH)
This year’s Super Campers were first-time camper Skyler Ferrell and veteran camper Franklin Soon, and Mrs. Kathy Mickel was voted Super Staffer.
A testimonial from a first-time attendee. Mrs. Sara Stanizeski Pennella:
“It is hard to find the right words for this week. Quite possibly one of the hardest weeks while simultaneously being one of the best. God finds ways to challenge you to be better, even if those ways are wildly uncomfortable, physically, mentally, and emotionally. But to wrap it up in a sparkly bow as a gift with friends you can ugly cry in front of, grow in front of, learn with, build memories and connections with is the ultimate end result. What our children (and adults!) learned was state of the art with world renowned experts in a wide variety of fields to help us understand our great nation’s constitution. From law, to science, to history, the richness of the content couldn’t be paralleled even in a semester at top universities.
So incredibly grateful to be able to share this experience with my children and our homeschool crew. God really has his hand on Camp Constitution and their incredible founder and staff. Thank you to Nicole Poisson Chu for rallying us all to go!!! We will definitely be back, just maybe with more towels, Lysol and an air mattress.”
And from another first tine attendee Mrs. Rachel Nelson:
“Last week Spencer and I attended Camp Constitution in NH. Our American history lover passed up a week of soccer camp for this experience! We went with 6 other homeschool families from our area and joined others from around the country.
Our days were packed with classes, fellowship, swimming, sports, off-site field trips, a few meals out, and nightly bonfires. Spencer sang at the fires, performed in 2 skits, and I recited Paul Revere’s Ride by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow while standing on a picnic table. A military veteran brought along two full sized cannons and one of the afternoons we shot them off along the hillside! Such excitement! Spencer came home with an assortment of real Civil War bullets and authentic cannonball after a stop at a local antique shop. We ended our last day with an unexpected trip to the American Precision Museum and a second visit to the Cornish Bridge (which Lafayette crossed in 1825!!) after locking ourselves out of the condo. Ha! Truly an amazing week alongside wonderful friends, and an experience we hope to enjoy again next year.”
Mark your calendars for next year’s camp which will run from July 16-21, 2023, at Singing Hills

Members of Congress have introduced a resolution to call an Article V Constitutional Convention, or Con-Con. If enacted, this would decimate the Constitution and the God-given individual liberties that it protects. Deceptively, the resolution aggregates old, rescinded, and unrelated state legislative applications to Congress for a convention.
House Concurrent Resolution 101 (H.Con.Res.101) is sponsored by Jodey Arrington (R-Texas) and cosponsored by Yvette Herrell (R-N.M.) and Brian Fitzpatrick (R-Pa.). If passed by the House and Senate, it would call “a Convention for proposing amendments to the Constitution of the United States,” and require Congress to “set the date and place for the Convention to occur” within 180 days after the U.S. Archivist certifies that at least 34 states have applied for a Con-Con.
Importantly, H.Con.Res.101 deceptively reaches the 34-state threshold for calling a convention by aggregating “Balanced Budget Amendment” (BBA) applications with unrelated — and in many cases, centuries-old — applications for a plenary convention. The resolution states:
Whereas congressional and State records of purported plenary applications for amendments on any subject and applications for single subject Fiscal Responsibility Amendments compiled by the Article V Library list 42 total applications over time, 39 active applications in 1979, 40 active applications in 1983, and at least 34 active applications in many years thereafter[.]
Read more here: https://jbs.org/alert/stop-con-con-aggregation-scheme-in-congress-h-con-res-101/
Prior Warning here: https://thenewamerican.com/new-aggressive-scheme-exposes-article-v-convention-lobby/
Pictures from last weeks camp have been added to the camp archives. You can navigate there from the homepage by hovering over the “Camp Items” menu and selecting “Camp Pictures”. There you will find pictures for all the camps from 2009 though 2022. Of course, photos are much more readily available today with practically everyone having a cell phone capable of taking hi resolution photos, but that was not always the case. As such, you will find less photos in some of the older collections. Alternatively, you can click here to visit the Archive. If you run a slideshow and find that the images are too large for your screen resolution, there is a control that has arrows pointing to the lower left and upper right. If you click that, the images will be shown in a 1:1 format that should fit the browser screen. You may down load any of the images in original hi resolution.
Also, the camp newspapers have been uploaded. You can navigate there from the homepage by hovering over the “Camp Items” menu and selecting “Camp Archive”. Once there, select “Camp Journal Archives”. There you will find all the newspapers I could obtain from 2009 through 2022. I also have uploaded the old camp schedules as well. If anyone has hard copies of missing items, please let me or Hal know as we would love to preserve them and upload them to the archive. Alternatively, you can click here to visit the Journal Archive.
Since our first camp in 2009, our program director and co-founder Mrs. Ruth Harper, a retired teacher drives from Grand Rapids, Michigan to New Hampshire. One of her tasks is to administer campers the entry quiz. Since last year, we decided to have the campers take the quiz on an optional basis prior to camp. This is a link to Mrs. Harper’s 2022 Quiz: https://campconstitution.net/files/2022/2002%20Camp%20Constitution%20Test.pdf
Challenge yourself and take the quiz. Correct it yourself or E-mail it to me and Mrs. Harper will grade it after camp.
A special thanks to Mrs. Harper for helping to make Camp Constitution possible.

To hear the audio lecture of this article, click here.
To view the video presentation of this article, click here.
14 July is celebrated in France as Bastille Day. It commemorates the storming of the Bastille and the launch of The French Revolution.
A Time of Turmoil
The French Revolution was one of the most influential events of modern history. The ten-year period from 1789 to 1799 when France went from a Monarchy to a Republic, to a Reign of Terror, to Dictatorship was one of the most tumultuous times in European history.
Myth and Reality
Much myth and romantic legend has been written on what some politicians would like the French Revolution to have been, but the reality was that the French Revolution was a monstrous horror. In the name of “liberty, equality, fraternity or death!” over 40,000 people lost their heads to the guillotine, 300,000 people were publicly executed by firing squads, drownings and other methods of mass murder and ultimately many millions died in the 25 years of war and upheavals that resulted.
The Prototype Revolution
The French Revolution has been the inspiration and model for all socialist and communist revolutions in modern history. As so many today seem entranced by the deceptive promises of communism, it is vital that we look again at what communism really is and why so many rose up in resistance against it. Over 30 years ago, the Iron Curtain fell, Soviet satellites broke free, the Soviet Union collapsed, and the world rejoiced in a new birth of freedom. Yet, today, there is an entire generation who are apparently ignorant that they are being lied to and used, to advance a failed and evil system, under the delusion that they are working for a better and more just world. Those of us who fought against communism during the Cold War need to remind the younger generation of the reality which destroys the modern propaganda narrative being taught on so many university campuses and broadcast under the guise of news on the mainstream/lame stream media. Communism is the most malicious and destructive system in the history of mankind. God’s Covenant people have beaten it before, and we must defeat communism again. “Who will rise up for Me against the evildoers? Who will stand up for Me against the workers of iniquity?” Psalm 94:16
Deliberate Design
Lord Acton in his Lectures on the French Revolution observed: “The appalling thing in the French Revolution is not the tumult, but the design. Through all the fire and smoke we perceive the evidence of calculating organisation. The managers remain studiously concealed and masked; but there is no doubt about their presence from the first.”
Tools of Revolution
The tools of the French Revolution were dis-information, propaganda, the subversion of language, malice, envy, hatred, jealousy, mass murder and foreign military adventurism as a diversion to distract the masses from the failure of government. These tools have been implemented by more modern revolutionaries: Vladimir Lenin, Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, Mao Tse Tung, Fidel Castro, Che Guevare, Patrice Lumumba, Nicolai Ceausescu, Pol Pot, Ho Chi Minh and Robert Mugabe.
Revolutionary Ideas
The power mad and disenchanted have continued to sing the praises of the French Revolution, and to attempt to replicate its ideals in revolutions as far afield as Russia, China, Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Angola, the Congo and Zimbabwe. Demonic forces and the Enlightenment ideas of humanist philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Voltaire prepared the ground for revolution.
Disenchantment and Degeneration
Historian Otto Scott observed: “French intellectuals, middle and upper classes had grown ashamed of their country, history and institutions. Such a phenomenon had never before arisen in any nation or race throughout the long history of mankind. …a great loosening began; the country slowly came apart… for the first time since the decadent days of Rome, pornography emerged from its caves and circulated openly in a civilized nation. The Catholic Church in France was intellectually gutted; the priests lost their faith along with the congregations. Strange cults appeared; sex rituals, black magic, satanism. Perversion became not only acceptable, but fashionable. Homosexuals held public balls to which heterosexuals were invited and the police guarded their carriages… the air grew thick with plans to restructure and reconstruct all traditional French society and institutions.” (Robespierre – Inside the French Revolution, the Reformer Library, New York, 1974.)
The Role of the News Media
“The heirs of the Enlightenment of the late 18th century… launched the first Revolution in all history against the ideas of Christianity, and Christianity’s God. …the press… was spearhead, font, and fuel for these discussions… the journals were mixtures of politics and smut. They admired agitators extravagantly and never discussed the Church without mention of scandal, nor the government without criticism. They relied heavily on tales of sin in high places and high-handed outrages of the court; no name, however highly placed and illustrious, escaped. …through its journals and pamphlets …it could distort, color, plead, argue, lie, report, and misreport the information upon which the balance of the realm depended.” (Otto Scott, Robespierre)
The Debt Crisis
The French involvement in the American War of Independence against Great Britain created an enormous debt for France. This debt added to the financial crises which had started with France’s involvement in the earlier ruinous Seven Years War against Great Britain and Prussia. The colossal debt added to the financial crises which propelled the French state into bankruptcy.
Side-lined from Recovery
King Louis XVI began his reign wisely. He dismissed the large number of corrupt and incompetent ministers inherited from the court of his father, Louis XV and he appointed an excellent economist, Anne Robert Jacques Turgot as Controller General. Turgot proposed drastic solutions to France’s crises: the cancelation of tax privileges for the nobles, the abolition of industrial monopolies, removal of restrictions on free enterprise, and other bold, practical measures. However, the nobles pressured Louis XVI to dismiss Turgot.
Stop Gap Measures to Stave off Economic Collapse
The young banker Jacques Necker was then given the task of managing the unmanageable bankrupt economy. He bravely tried some short-term measures to stave off the inevitable economic collapse. But when he attempted to move towards adopting Turgot’s free market strategies, the privileged nobles and wealthy middle-class forced the king to dismiss him too. This was in 1781. Louis entrusted one hapless man after another with the financial crises, but all to no avail. France’s international credit rating was plummeting, and the country was no longer able to secure loans.
Bankruptcy
By mid-1788, the government had become paralyzed and no longer able to avoid admitting bankruptcy. The king was forced to re-instate Necker and call for a meeting of the Estates-General to be convened in May 1789.
The Estates General
The Estates General consisted of three houses, the first Estate was the Clergy, the second Estate was the Nobles, and the third Estate were merchants and the common people. Although the third house had twice as many people as the other houses, each house was understood historically to have only one vote. Louis’ government failed to specify how the three houses of the Estates-General were to function, nor did he provide them with any Agenda or Constitution.
The National Assembly
The commoners in the third house boldly organized themselves as a self-contained National Assembly. The nobles were outraged and convinced Louis XVI to send troops to blockade the hall where the Assembly planned to meet. The third Estate then met on a nearby tennis court and vowed to continue in session until they could complete a new Constitution for the nation. This was outright rebellion against the authority of the king. Yet, on 27 June 1789, Louis ordered the other two estates to join the commoners in a new combined Assembly.
The Liberals
The National Assembly spent most of its time debating the latest philosophical and political theories. The Marquis de Lafayette, who had achieved fame through his involvement in the American war of Independence, espoused the cause of freedom and rallied the liberal wing of nobles around him. The Count of Mirabeau dominated the Assembly through his eloquent campaign for a constitutional monarchy.
The Fanatics
The most fanatical extremists gravitated to Maximilien Robespierre who was a strong devotee of the writings of radical philosophers Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Voltaire. Rousseau wrote that: “It is necessary to have a cohesive force to organise and coordinate the movements of (societies), members.” Rousseau advocated constant agitation for “equality” in order to maintain an atmosphere of fear where individual differences will not be tolerated. Inspired by the defiance of the Assembly and stirred up by revolutionary pamphlets and speeches, mobs began to roam the streets of Paris attacking and murdering royal officials.
Coordinated Chaos
France’s financial house of cards collapsed. Capital fled the country and economic depression resulted. A series of events combined to create food shortages and hunger. Agitators panned out across the countryside to destroy the grain stores and terrorize the inhabitants. Hired mobs staged “spontaneous” riots in Paris. The powers of government then collapsed. Everything fell apart with astonishing co-ordination.
Reaction
In reaction, some of the nobles persuaded the king to seek to reassert royal authority. Soldiers were ordered into the streets of Paris as a show of strength. The appearance of the soldiers inspired mobs to seize whatever weapons they could find and to storm the old fortress of the Bastille.
Revolution
The French Revolution is officially dated from this point: 14 July 1789. The Bastille had become a symbol of hated tyranny and much legend has grown out of this event. As it so happens, there were no political prisoners at the Bastille at that time, and despite the fact that the Lieutenant Governor of the Bastille, M. De Launay, was guaranteed safe conduct and surrendered the fortress under a white flag of truce, the mob massacred his soldiers, and the governor, cutting off their heads and carrying them on spikes throughout the streets. As body parts of the defenders of the Bastille were paraded through the streets, a mere seven prisoners were found in the Bastille. When the news reached the palace of Versailles, King Louis was astonished: “This is revolt!” He said. The Duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt responded: “No, Sire, it is a Revolution!”
Appeasement
The next day King Louis arrived, simply dressed and with no bodyguards or attendants, and spoke at the National Assembly. He had ordered the troops to leave Paris, so that the people would have no reason to fear their king. Louis assured them that he had confidence in the Assembly. The deputies rose to their feet cheering with great fervor. 88 of the deputies gathered at the Paris City Hall and took turns speaking to the enormous crowd from the balcony. The famous 32-year-old Lafayette was elected General of the National Guard.
Deterioration
While many seemed optimistic for the future, Marie Antoinette was filled with foreboding and burned her private papers. Nobles fled the court and the country, with many settling across the border. On the 17 July the king travelled to Paris to identify with the revolutionary mob. In October a mob marched to Versailles demanding that the king transfer his residence to Paris. On 6 October, the royal family were escorted by the rioters to Paris where they could be under the control of the revolutionaries.
Manipulation of the Masses
Otto Scott observed that: “Paris, like the nation, was divided into the politically active and the passive, between the many confused, disorganized and abstracted and the highly concentrated organized and intent few.” (Robespierre).
Radicalization
Two clubs came to dominate the Assembly at this time: The Cordeliers were led by Georges Jacques Danton and Jean Paul Marat. The Jacobins were skillfully manipulated by Robespierre.
The Origin of the Left Wing
It was in the French Revolution that the terms “left wing” and “right wing” were first coined. Those on the left were the Radicals, who proudly adopted the designation as a symbol of their Revolutionary defiance of Christian tradition which always represented those on the right hand of God as saved, and those on the left as damned. (James Billington, Fire in the Minds of Men: Origin of the Revolutionary Faith.)
The Hijacking of the Church
On 4 August 1789, the Nobles and Clergy renounced their privileges in the name of revolutionary equality. On 2 November 1789, the Assembly voted to confiscate church property and issue new paper money, called Assignats. This sparked off rampant inflation. In July 1790 the Assembly nationalized the Roman Catholic Church by enacting the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. The Assembly undertook to pay the salaries of the priests from the National Treasury and to create a French church under the control of the government. Pope Pius VI excommunicated all clergymen who took the new oath demanded by the Assembly. Most of the clergy refused to take the oath and were evicted from their pulpits and parishes. France was divided into 83 Departments (counties).
Declaration of the Rights of Man
The National Assembly produced the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens. Although this was patterned after the English Bill of Rights of 1689 and the American Bill of Rights which had been appended to the United States Constitution, the French Declaration embodied mostly humanistic ideas of the Enlightenment. While attempting to adopt many of the forms of the Biblically orientated Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights, the French Declaration of the Rights of Man failed to recognize the Creator and ignored the Biblical foundations for true freedom. A new Constitution was completed in 1791, with a unicameral legislature elected by “active citizens”. Before Mirabeau died, in April 1791, he predicted that all their well-deliberated efforts at Reform would collapse and be washed away in a bloodbath.
Abolishing the Monarchy
Louis XVI attempted to flee with his family from France on the night of 20 June 1791. When radicals discovered them, they blocked their path and escorted the royal family back to Paris. Danton and Robespierre seized upon this event as an opportunity to proclaim that France was a Republic. As the new Legislative Assembly met, 1 October 1791, the Girondists proposed replacing the just-adopted Constitution and creating a Republic.
War
Deeply concerned for the fate of the royal family, Austria, ruled by Leopold II, the brother of Mary Antoinette, prepared to invade France. The Assembly declared war on Austria in 1792. The French were soon defeated by the Austrians and the Prussians.
Massacre
The mob stormed the king’s residence and massacred the royal Swiss guards. The Assembly voted to depose the king and write a new constitution. On 10 August 1792 the municipal government was overthrown, and Danton became the self-appointed national dictator. The entire male population was drafted for military service and weapons production entered high gear. In September 1792, terrorist mobs swarmed through the prisons and massacred thousands of prisoners including many nobles who had been arrested for no other reason than that they were nobility.
Killing the King
A new National Convention was called on 21 September 1792 to write a new constitution. In December, the Convention summoned the deposed King, Louis Capet as he was now called. On 21 January 1793 King Louis XVI was beheaded on the guillotine.
Coalition Against Revolution
All of Europe was horrified and a coalition was formed against France. Austria, England, Holland, Prussia, Spain and Piedmont prepared to restore order to France and prevent the exporting of revolution to their own regions.
The Reign of Terror
The Jacobins mobilized the mob to invade the Convention and arrest the 31 leading Girondists. This launched the Reign of Terror, which officially began 2 June 1793. Robespierre established the Committee of Public Safety. A policy of mass public terror was unleashed with Revolutionary Tribunals, in which all “enemies of the Revolution” were summarily tried. Mere accusations were tantamount to verdicts of guilt. The trials were abrupt with no real opportunity granted to the accused to prepare or present any defense. The accused were quickly convicted and carted off to the guillotine.
Killing of the Queen
The Queen, 38-year-old Mary Antoinette, was dragged through the mockery of a trial and guillotined on 16 October. Her son, later recognized as Louis XVII, died as a result of inhuman treatment by his revolutionary jailers.
Heads Roll
Twenty-one Girondist leaders, including Madam Roland, were also beheaded shortly after the Queen. The Duke of Orleans who had joined the Jacobins and taken the name of citizen Egaliter, even voting for the death of his cousin the King, was also executed at this time.
Big Bang Social Science
Romantic occultism taught a big bang theory of social science. If one could blow up, or burn down, enough buildings, kill enough people and destroy enough things, you could produce Utopia!
Destruction
The Reign of Terror spread throughout France. When one city sought to resist, it was destroyed. The revolutionaries set up a pillar outside Lyons inscribed: “Lyons waged war with Liberty. Lyons is no more.” Toulon was subjugated under the leadership of a young artillery officer from Corsica, Napoleon Bonaparte.
War Against God
The Committee of Public Safety launched a vicious atheistic war against Christianity. They invented a new religion which they called the Cult of Reason. At a festival at the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris an actress was enthroned as the “goddess of the French people.” France was renamed “The Republic of Virtue”. Ancient Rome was lifted up as its model. The press and theatres were turned into instruments for state propaganda. Fashions changed to immoral loose Roman robes. Over 2,000 churches were renamed Temples of Reason and hijacked for the promotion of this cult.
A Secular Religion
Historian Arnold Toynbee wrote: “In the Revolution a sinister ancient religion suddenly re-erupted with elemental violence… the fanatical worship of collective human power. The Terror was only the first of the mass-crimes that have been committed… in this evil religions name.” (John Wilson, The gods of Revolution.)
Meltdown
The revolutionaries began to turn on one another. Danton was executed 5 April 1794. On 7 May, Robespierre sought to impose a new religion on France, declaring a new calendar to replace the Christian calendar. 21 September 1792, the day the Monarchy had ended, was declared the First day of year one of their revolutionary calendar. Robespierre appointed himself as high priest of the Supreme Being in this new cult.
Reaping What They Had Sown
On 27 July 1794, Robespierre and 20 other of his henchmen were seized and executed by the survivors of the Convention. More than 40,000 victims had been murdered on the guillotine under the Reign of Terror. Over two-thirds of those victims had been peasants, artisans and workers. As Madam Roland was being ushered up to the platform to be guillotined, she faced the statue of the goddess Liberty and cried out: “O Liberty, Liberty! What crimes are committed in thy name!”
Unleashing Forces of Destruction
The end of the reign of terror was not the end of the French Revolution. It would be followed by the Directory and by the Dictatorship eventually culminating in Napoleon’s Empire which embroiled all of Europe in ruinous war. Even after the death of Robespierre, the Revolution continued to talk about liberty and equality, to fight against the Christian Faith, and to inspire more communes, voices of virtue and revolutionaries like Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Fidel Castro, Mao Tse Tung and Robert Mugabe.
Revolutionary Tyranny
The French Revolution was the prototype, which was followed by the Russian Revolution, the Chinese Revolution, the Cuban Revolution, the Cambodian Revolution, the Vietnamese Revolution, the Ethiopian Revolution, the Mozambiquan Revolution, the Angolan Revolution, the Zimbabwe Revolution and many others. In every case they proved that yesterday’s revolutionaries become tomorrow’s tyrants and dictators. “While they promise them liberty, they themselves are slaves of corruption.” 2 Peter 2:19
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| Frontline: BEL Video Trailer | Frontline: Behind Enemy Lines for Christ | ||
Otto Scott’s Robespierre – Inside the French Revolution is the very best expose of what led up to that cataclysmic event and what really took place during that disastrous revolution. Reading this extraordinary book enables one to understand the revolutionary forces arrayed against Christian civilisation today. It is uncanny the similarities one can immediately recognise to what is happening in our streets, in the media, in education, in entertainment, in churches and in government, available from Christian Liberty Books, Tel: 021-689-7478, Fax: 086-551-7490, admin@christianlibertybooks.co.za, www.christianlibertybooks.co.za.
See also:
Resistance to Revolution
How to Respond to Marxist Bullying Tactics
Marie Antoinette, also available as a PowerPoint.
The French Huguenots, also available as a PowerPoint and translated into Afrikaans.
Reformation or Revolution
Is South Africa Entering the Second Phase of the Revolution?
To listen to a radio interview on The Real Agenda Behind Revolutionaries click here.
Fred Schwarz and David Noble’s You Can Still Trust the Communists to be Communists is essential reading for anyone wanting to understand how to negotiate and deal with Marxist revolutionaries like BLM and ANTIFA.
The Agenda – Masters of Deceit DVD documentary is a brilliant expose of how revolutionaries work and how one can resist their unreasonable and suicidal demands.
(This article was first published in March 1992)
Ever since The New Illiterates was published back in 1973, we have known that the chief, and
perhaps only cause of dyslexia among school children has been and still is the look-say, wholeword, or sight method of teaching reading. In that book I revealed the fact that the sight method
was invented back in the 1830s by the Rev. Thomas H. Gallaudet, the director of the American
Asylum at Hartford for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb. He had been using a sight, or
whole-word method in teaching the deaf to read, by juxtaposing a word, such as cat, with the
picture of a cat. And because the deaf were able to identify many simple words in this way,
Gallaudet thought that the method could be adapted for use by normal children.
Gallaudet, who believed that education was a science and could be improved by scientific
experimentation, gave a detailed description of his new method in the American Annals of
Education of August 1830.
It consisted of teaching the child to recognize a total of 50 sight
words written on cards “without any reference to the individual letters which composed the
word.” After the child had memorized the words on the basis of their configurations alone, the
letters of each word were taught. The final step was to teach the letters in alphabetical order.
In 1836 Gallaudet published The Mother’s Primer based on his look-say methodology. Its
first line was: “Frank had a dog; his name was Spot.” In 1837 the primer was adopted by the
Boston Primary School Committee. Horace Mann was then Secretary of the Board of Education
of Massachusetts, and he favored the method. The educational reformers of the time were against
anything that smacked of old orthodox practices, and they considered intensive, systematic
phonics to be one of them. The American Annals of Education, representing the progressive
views of the time, provided a ready platform for the critics of the alphabetic-phonics method.
One could find such opinions as the following in its pages:
He [the child] should read his lessons as if the words were Chinese symbols, without paying any attention to the
individual letters, but with special regard to the meaning… This method needs neither recommendation nor defense,
with those who have tried it: and were it adopted, we should soon get rid of the stupid and uninteresting mode now
prevalent. (Oct. 1832, p. 479)
If it is true, that so long as we cling with intense fondness to the deformities of our orthography with a fondness
like the mother’s love to her offspring, enhanced by deformity — much time is, and must be, wasted over the
elementary books of reading and spelling. It becomes the friends of education to examine the facts, and act with
energy, as men living in an age of reform. (Apr. 1832, p. 173)
The ABC is our initiative tormentor, requiring much time and Herculean effort, altogether thrown away. (Nov.
1833, p. 512)
Boston Schoolmasters React
Such was the climate of the time. Gallaudet’s primer was imitated by other textbook writers,
and the children of Massachusetts were taught to read by this new sight method. By 1844 the
defects of the new method were so apparent to the Boston schoolmasters, that they issued a
blistering attack against it, and urged a return to intensive, systematic phonics. I reprinted the full
text of that historic critique in The New Illiterates, in order to demonstrate how early the defects
of the look-say, whole-word method were recognized by educators who were not seduced by the
siren songs of the reformers.
In that book, I also did a line-by-line analysis of the Dick-and-Jane reading program and came
to the conclusion that any child taught to read solely by that method would exhibit the symptoms
of dyslexia. The cause was obvious: when you impose an ideographic teaching technique on an
alphabetic writing system, you get reading disability. By eliminating the sense of sound from the
reading process, one is breaking the crucial link between the alphabetically written word and its
spoken equivalent. Also, by using sound symbols as ideographic symbols, one creates symbolic
confusion.
The schoolmasters of Boston had recognized this phenomenon in 1844, and it was also
recognized in 1929 by Dr. Samuel T. Orton, a neuropathologist in Iowa who was seeking the
cause of children’s reading problems. After considerable research, he came to the conclusion that
their problems were being caused by the new sight method of teaching reading. The results of his
research were published in the February 1929 issue of the Journal of Educational Psychology
with the title, “The Sight Reading Method of Teaching Reading as a Source of Reading
Disability.” Dr. Orton wrote:
“I wish to emphasize at the beginning that the strictures which I have to offer here do not apply to the use of the
sight method of teaching reading as a whole but only to its effects on a restricted group of children for whom, as I
think we can show, this technique is not only not adapted but often proves an actual obstacle to reading progress,
and moreover, I believe that this group is one of considerable educational importance both because of its size and
because here faulty teaching methods may not only prevent the acquisition of academic education by children of
average capacity but may also give rise to far reaching damage to their emotional life.”
And so, there has been no doubt in my mind as to the cause of dyslexia among perfectly
healthy, normal school children. However, in recent years I have heard stories of children
entering the first grade already exhibiting the symptoms of dyslexia, before they have had any
formal reading instruction. It was said that these children, who had never been to school, were
having a terribly difficult time learning to read by phonics. The phenomenon was somewhat
inexplicable, until sometime in 1988 when I received a phone call from a man in North
Wilkesboro, North Carolina, by the name of Edward Miller. It turned out that he had the key to
the mystery. Miller had called to tell me of his theory of “educational dyslexia,” that is, how dyslexia
could be artificially induced. I was delighted to know that there was someone else in America
who agreed with me. He had seen me on a television interview in 1984 and was so astounded by
my assertions about dyslexia that he decided to get my book on the NEA, What I had said on TV
sounded crazy to him, but he said I looked too sane to be crazy.
Overcoming a Handicap
Miller was particularly interested in this subject because he himself was dyslexic and had
been so since the first grade. He had been taught to read in a rural school in North Carolina by a
young teacher fresh out of college who used the sight method. At first Miller thought it was his
stupidity that was causing his reading problem. But in the fourth grade he proved that he was not
stupid by memorizing the multiplication table and winning a prize in class. From then on he
simply saw his reading problem as a handicap that had to be compensated for by all sorts of
tricks. For example, he found that he could pass many essay tests by writing short, simple
sentences in which all of the words were spelled correctly. He might earn a C for his efforts, but
C’s were better than F’s.
Eventually, Miller made it through North Carolina State College. In fact, despite his reading
disability, he was able to become a mathematics teacher and finally an assistant administrator in
a high school in Hollywood, Florida. It was by reading an excerpt from Rudolf Flesch’s book.
Why Johnny Can’t Read, in a newspaper in 1956 that Miller had become aware of the two ways
of teaching children to read: the phonetic method and the sight or look-say method. He realized
that he had been taught by the sight method.
But it wasn’t until 1986, when his young grandson, Kyle, then in the first grade, developed a
reading problem, that Miller was motivated to investigate the matter in greater depth. In the
suffering and pain of his grandson he saw a repeat of himself. He knew that Kyle had learned to
read by look-say, and that was easy to prove because Kyle could read his little sight-vocabulary
books rapidly, without error. But when faced with reading matter not in the controlled
vocabulary, he had extreme difficulty. Miller could see that Kyle was trying to guess the words.
The boy found the process of sounding out words irritating and painful.
Miller recalled what he had read in my NEA book about the Russian psychologists, Luna and
Pavlov, and of how they had devised an artificial way of including behavioral disorganization by
introducing two conflicting stimuli to the organism. Miller believed that he was seeing the same
process at work in Kyle. He was sure that Kyle had learned something at an early age that was
interfering with his attempt to decode the little phonetic books which Miller had bought for him.
“I knew about the two methods of teaching reading,” relates Miller, “and suspected that he had
learned a non-phonetic method of looking at words. I tried to help him sound out the words in
the little books, but the books seemed to be hurting him.”
A Cognitive Conflict
It was obvious to Miller that his grandson had learned a method of reading that conflicted with
the phonetic method, and that it was causing what is commonly known as “dyslexia.” Miller
thought that he could demonstrate how this cognitive conflict could be artificially induced by
way of a very simple experiment. Drawing on his extensive knowledge of mathematics, he
devised an experimental problem whereby an individual trained in the base-ten arithmetic system
would be required to do his calculations in a base-twelve system. The individual would
experience great difficulty, confusion and frustration trying to suppress his automatic base-ten
responses as he attempted to do simple arithmetic in a base-twelve system. This was what the
sight reader experienced in trying to apply a phonetic method of looking at words when the
automatic tendency was “spatial-holistic” in orientation.
The key to the problem, Miller believed, was in the automaticity involved in each method. If a child’s first-learned way of reading wasconfigurational and not phonetic, and if the child could read this sight vocabulary in an out-of
context word list at more than 30 words per minute, that child would develop educational, or
artificially induced, dyslexia. However, if the child’s first-learned way of identifying words was
phonetic, and if that ability had become automatic, that child would never become dyslexic.
But Miller wondered how Kyle could have developed such a strong automatic configurational
way of identifying words without any formal reading instruction. He had noticed that Kyle had in
his room many children’s books, including many of the Dr. Seuss books which children often
learn to read by memorizing the words. If Kyle had developed an automatic configurational way
of identifying words by having memorized the Dr. Seuss books, then he could have entered the
first grade with an already learned way of reading that would conflict with the phonetic
approach.
Dr. Seuss’s 223 Words
Most people are not aware that the Dr. Seuss books were created to supplement the whole word
reading programs in the schools. Most people assume that Dr. Seuss made up his stories using
his own words. The truth is that the publisher supplied Dr. Seuss with a sight vocabulary of 223
words which he was to use in writing the books, a sight vocabulary in harmony with the sight
words the child would be learning in school. Thus, the children would enter the first grade
having already mastered a sight vocabulary of several hundred words, thereby making first-grade
reading a breeze. Because the Dr. Seuss books are so, simple, many people assume that they
were easy to write. But Dr. Seuss debunked that idea in an interview he gave Arizona magazine
in June 1981. He said:
“They think I did it in twenty minutes. That damned Cat in the Hat took nine months until I was satisfied. I did it
for a textbook house and they sent me a word list. That was due to the Dewey revolt in the Twenties, in which they
threw out phonic reading and went to word recognition, as if you’re reading a Chinese pictograph instead of
blending sounds of different letters. I think killing phonics was one of the greatest causes of illiteracy in the country.”Anyway, they had it all worked out that a healthy child at the age of four can learn so many words in a week and
that’s all. So there were two hundred and twenty-three words to use in this book. I read the list three times and I
almost went out of my head. I said, I’ll read it once more and if I can find two words that rhyme that’ll be the title of
my book. (That’s genius at work.) I found ‘cat’ and ‘hat’ and I said. ‘The title will be The Cat in the Hat.’
And that is how the Dr. Seuss pre-school sight-word books were born. The publishers
believed that if the children could memorize the words in the books, they would be better
prepared for the sight-reading instruction they would get in the first grade. An ad for The
Beginning Readers’ Program states:
“The words are just right for young readers, too. They’re in large, clear type. They often tell the story in rhyme.
And they’re so closely related to the pictures that, with a little help from Morn and Dad, even preschoolers can start
reading all by themselves. And when a preschooler is turned on to reading by Dr. Seuss and his friends he generally
stays turned on to reading for life.”
What the ad didn’t tell parents is that if the child was permitted to develop an automatic
configurational, spatial-holistic way of identifying words, then that child would be dyslexic when
dealing with the much larger reading vocabulary beyond the few hundred words he or she had
memorized. And with the advent of audiocassettes, the child could learn to memorize the words
even without the help of Mom or Dad. But if the child had been taught to read phonetically from
the very beginning, he or she would never become dyslexic.
Miller had, indeed, made a very significant discovery, one that could save millions of children
from falling into the dyslexia trap caused by memorizing the sight vocabularies in their preschool
readers. But the problem now was how to make this discovery public?
The publishers of the Beginner Books were making millions of dollars, and the books
themselves were extremely popular with parents and children alike. Some children are taught to
sound out words by their parents, and these children, of course, are not harmed by these little
books since they look at all words phonetically. But since most preschoolers are not taught to
read phonetically at home before they go to school, they are in great danger of becoming
dyslexic. And the better they get at memorizing the words, the greater the danger, for it is when
the child develops an automatic ability to identify words configurationally, he or she develops the
cognitive block that produces dyslexia.
The publishers of the Beginner Books have also produced a picture dictionary. The purpose of
the dictionary is to make the child “recognize, remember, and really enjoy a basic elementary
vocabulary of 1,350 words.” We wonder how many hundreds of thousands of children have
become dyslexic by memorizing the sight words in this picture dictionary.
Getting to the Public
But how was Miller going to get this information to the public? He decided to contact some of
the educational officials in the Florida public school system. Having retired from the system in
1982, he was acquainted with many of them. They listened politely and seemed to understand
what he was talking about. But he could arouse no real interest or enthusiasm about his
discovery.
He then went to IBM, which had developed a costly computer reading-instruction program
called Writing to Read which teaches children a modified phonetic writing system. After many
phone conversations, they referred him to Dr. Larry Silver, director of the National Institute of
Dyslexia in Bethesda, Maryland. Miller called Silver who said he would like to see Miller’s
materials on the artificial induction of dyslexia. Several days after sending the materials, Miller
called Silver’s office. The secretary said that the materials had arrived, that a complete copy of
them had been made, and that they were being returned to Miller with a letter from Dr. Silver.
Silver’s letter was quite perfunctory. He offered no evaluation of Miller’s theory on the artificial
induction of dyslexia, but advised Miller to team up with someone at a university working in
special education. Apparently, Miller’s lack of academic “credentials” was the new handicap he
had to deal with.
But Miller had already contacted someone at Appalachian State University for help. He had
spoken with the dean of the school of education who recommended that he contact Dr. Gerald
Parker, professor of special education. In August 1988 Miller made a presentation of his theory
to Dr. Parker’s graduate students. But he soon realized, by the questions they asked, that they
were all committed to the whole-language approach. In fact, Parker expressed the opinion that
the best way to avoid creating the cognitive conflict was to teach the child only one way of
looking at words: the holistic, configurational way! In other words, the child should only read
words that he had memorized as sight words. If he did that, he would never exhibit the symptoms
in his sight vocabulary? Parker told Miller that Frank Smith provided the answer to that question
in his book. Understanding Reading, the bible of whole-language educators. Miller got a copy of
the book, read it slowly but thoroughly and came to the conclusion that Frank Smith was
responsible for the misconception of the century.
Frank Smith Was Wrong
Miller’s theory was that the two ways of looking at words — the configurational and the
phonetic — were mutually exclusive, and that once a child achieved an automatic ability to look
at words in a spatial-holistic fashion, it created a cognitive conflict with the phonetic method.
Frank Smith, however, insisted that none of these methods were mutually exclusive. But if this
were so, then why didn’t those who were trained to read phonetically ever become dyslexic, and
those who were taught to read ideographically did?
Dr. Parker had also told Miller about Dr. Frank Wood, director of the Bowman Gray Learning
Disability Project at the Bowman Gray School of Medicine in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Wood was conducting research on learning disabilities under a $3-million grant from the
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). The goal of the project,
according to a brochure, was “to understand the causes of learning disability and the methods by
which we might forestall or prevent some of the worst consequences in underachievement.”
Obviously, if there were anyone who would be interested in Miller’s theory about the cause of
dyslexia, it would have to be Dr. Wood.
Wood did, in fact, show interest in Miller’s theory, and after several visits and phone
conversations over a period of about four months, he sent Miller a four-page review of the theory
in August 1988. In essence, Wood agreed that dyslexia was generally characterized by a deficit
in decoding skills. But he believed that this deficit was probably due to some children being
“genetically predisposed against phonetic processes” rather than their having become
phonetically impaired by their pre-school learning of a sight vocabulary. Wood wrote:
“There is no evidence of which I am aware that would relate the kinds of early pre-reading experiences you describe
to dyslexia in the school years. Perhaps it is fair to say that there has been little attempt to gather such evidence, so
that the issue remains unexplored. There is, however, a major series of investigations that establishes the role of
genetic factors in dyslexia. To the extent that genetic factors control the dyslexic outcome, preschool experience
would be eliminated as any substantial cause of the problem.”
In other words, the federal government has spent and is still spending millions of dollars
looking for the genetic causes of dyslexia. This line of investigation is the official line of the
Interagency Committee on Learning Disabilities, which defined “Learning Disabilities” as
follows in its 1987 report to the Congress:
“Learning disabilities is a generic term that refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant
difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities, or
of social skills. These disorders are intrinsic to the individual and presumed to be due to central nervous system
dysfunction. Even though a learning disability may occur concomitantly with other handicapping conditions (e.g.,
sensory impairment, mental retardation, social and emotional disturbance), with socioenvironmental influences (e.g.,
cultural differences, insufficient or inappropriate instruction, psychogenic factors), and especially with attention
deficit disorder, all of which may cause learning problems, a learning disability is not the direct result of those
conditions or influences.”
In other words, instruction methods are largely irrelevant! Also, note that you can also be
learning disabled in social skills, which opens a vast new field of investigation for psychologists
seeking government research grants. Wood also wrote:
The only part of your theory that is undeveloped in research is that having to do with the role of preschool
experience in strengthening a natural spatial holistic viewing tendency, to the subsequent detriment of phonemically
based reading. That is an interesting research question, and it has not yet been subjected to careful scientific
methodology. It seems to me that there would be two separable issues: (1) whether any substantial numbers of
dyslexic children owe their dyslexia to the preemption by a spatial strategy that was learned or strengthened in the
preschool years; and (2) whether this preemption by a spatial strategy is even possible (notwithstanding the question
of whether it accounts for a substantial number of dyslexic children’s problems).
Devising a Suitable Test
What this meant was that Miller had to prove, in a manner acceptable to the scientific
community, that his theory was correct. Miller believed that he could do so by means of a simple
test that anyone could duplicate and verify. He had already seen how dyslexic children could
read their controlled vocabulary books with great speed but were stymied when faced with
simple newspaper stories. The question was, at what point did the child become a committed
sight reader and develop a block against learning phonics? It took about ten months of
experimentation before Miller finally came up with a testing instrument that would indicate
clearly whether a child was a sight reader or a phonetic reader and at what point the child’s
reading mode became permanent. The test would scientifically measure the child’s word
identification strategies and accurately measure the severity of the child’s dyslexic condition.
The test was composed of two sets of words: the first set consisted of 260 sight words drawn
from two Dr. Seuss books, Green Eggs and Ham and The Cat in the Hat, The second set
consisted of 260 equally simple words drawn from Rudolf Flesch’s word lists in Why Johnny
Can’t Read, The sight words were arranged in alphabetical order across the page. They included
such multi-syllabic words as about, another, mother, playthings, something, yellow, while the
words from Flesch’s book were all at first-grade level, one syllable and phonetically regular. In
other words, for a child who knew his or her phonics neither set of words posed any problem.
The purpose of the test was to measure the speed at which the child read both sets of words and
to count the errors, or miscues, made in reading the two sets of words.
What the Tests Revealed
The first children Miller tested were the five children of the Norman family, a black family
Miller had known for many years. He discovered that the two oldest boys, Deidric and Cameron,
could read both sets of words with no difficulty, indicating normal, phonetic reading ability.
However, their brothers Travis, 11, and Jason, 7, were a different story. Travis read the sight
words at 51 words per minute with no errors, but read the phonetic words at 17 words per minute
with 91 errors. Jason read the sight words at a speed of 44 words per minute with no errors, but
read the phonetic words at 24 words per minute with 47 errors.
Obviously, both youngsters had become dyslexic. The fact that they could read the sight
words at over 30 words per minute meant that their word-identification mode was automatic and,
therefore, permanently fixed. Their cognitive block against phonics had been established by the
way they had learned to read. Unless the blockage was undone through intensive remedial
intervention, it would remain a major lifelong handicap, preventing them from pursuing careers
that required accurate reading skills.
The youngest child, Nickayla, 6, given a shorter test, read the sight words at 21 words per
minute with 8 errors and read the phonetic words at 10 words per minute with 16 errors. She had
not yet developed that degree of automaticity with the sight words that would have prevented her
from becoming a phonetic reader. But Nickayla was tested nine months later, and the results
indicated that she had developed the needed automaticity. She could now read the sight words at
39 words per minute with 11 errors, and read the phonetic words at 21 words per minute with 50
errors. In other words, she had become educationally dyslexic in a matter of nine months. This
outcome could have been prevented had she been taught intensive, systematic phonics at a time
when her word-identification mode was still indeterminate.
The test had clearly shown its value as an indicator of a child’s way of identifying words:
phonetically or holistically. It also indicated the degree of dyslexia, or symbolic confusion, the
child was suffering from. It could also identify those children who had not yet made a cognitive
commitment to either word-identification mode and could still be saved from becoming
educationally dyslexic with the proper intervention.
Alarming Results
In January 1990 Miller obtained permission to administer his test to 68 students at the Ronda Clingman Elementary School, a rural school with an enrollment of about 600 near the town of
Ronda in Wilkes County, North Carolina. Of the 68 students, 25 were 4th-graders, 26 were 2nd
graders, and 17 students were from different grades in Title 1. The results were alarming. Of the
26 second-graders, 5 were phonetic readers, 11 were permanent holistic readers (with a sight
reading speed of over 30 words per minute) and therefore already educationally dyslexic, and 10
were in a state of reading limbo, that is, they hadn’t yet developed automaticity in either word
identification mode and could either become fluent phonetic readers or educationally dyslexic.
The outcome would depend on how they were taught to read in the next few months.
Of the 25 fourth-graders, 14 were phonetic readers and 11 were holistic, that is, educationally
dyslexic. None were in an indeterminate state. In other words, they had all developed the degree
of automaticity in their word-identification mode which made their reading mode permanent. If
this fourth-grade class was typical of fourth-grade classes throughout North Carolina, this meant
that 44% of all students in the public schools of that state would emerge at the end of their school
careers educationally dyslexic, that is, functionally illiterate.
Of the 17 students in Title 1, 6 were phonetic readers, 6 were holistic (educationally
dyslexic), and 5 were in limbo. Of the latter, 4 were in first grade, indicating that their reading
instruction was leading them into educational dyslexia.
What was happening at the Ronda-Clingman school was going on in every elementary school
in North Carolina. Were the authorities concerned? Miller had actually gone to the state
education authorities in September of 1989 and demonstrated to them his theory on the artificial
induction of dyslexia. Two months later he received a letter from Betty Jean Foust, the state’s
Consultant for Reading Communication Skills. She wrote:
“This letter is in response to your request that I review your materials and comment upon your theory of dyslexia.
Members of the Department of Public Instruction believe in a multiple approach to teaching reading. We believe
that phonics may help the beginning reader if it is done early and kept simple. We do not feel phonics are useful
with older students. In my teaching experience, I have encountered several students who could not hear sounds;
therefore, we used other methods for learning to read. In my opinion, all students do not need a phonics assessment.
We have never promoted reading words out of context as your assessment does. Time is precious in our schools, and
we need activities which promote achievement. Secondly, I believe all students can be taught to read. Some can read better than others, but all students can learn something. We need to guard against the use of dyslexia as a term for ‘catch all reading problems.”’ Thus spake the State Reading Authority.
Comparing Schools
In January 1991, Miller gained permission to test 62 students at Dade Christian School, a
private school in Miami, Florida. The school, with an enrollment of about 1,000 students, is
racially mixed, with many children from Spanish-speaking families.
Of the 62 students tested, 26 were in fourth grade, 19 in second grade and 17 in a special
group selected from second and third grades because of the difficulties they were having in
reading. Of the 19 second-graders, 14 were established phonetic readers, 4 were holistic, and 1
was indeterminate, that is, in the limbo state. All of the 16 children in the special group were
educationally dyslexic. Of the 26 fourth-graders, 24 were phonetic readers, and only 2 were
educationally dyslexic.
In other words, while in the public schools of North Carolina 44 out of 100 students were
becoming educationally dyslexic because of their reading-instruction methods, only 8 out of 100
were becoming educationally dyslexic at the private school in Florida. But even that rate was too
high. In any case, Miller had not ascertained how those 2 dyslexic students in the fourth grade
had become that way, nor was he given the academic histories of the 17 children in the special
group.
The implications to be drawn from Edward Miller’s theory on the artificial induction of
dyslexia are most significant. In the first place, they infer that dyslexia is being caused by the
reading-instruction methods presently being used in most American public schools, and that
educational dyslexia can be prevented by the teaching of intensive, systematic phonics so that the
children will become phonetic readers. As Miller has pointed out, a phonetic reader cannot
become dyslexic.
If what Miller has discovered is true, then the millions of dollars the federal government is
spending on finding the genetic causes of dyslexia is a total waste. In addition, the billions of
Chapter One dollars the U. S. Dept. of Education has spent in support of reading programs that
are causing educational dyslexia are more than a waste. They are being used to commit a horrible
crime against the children of this country.
For years, now, we have been telling the public that the dyslexia that afflicts millions of
perfectly normal, healthy children is being caused by the reading-instruction methods used in our
schools. Whole language, which is presently sweeping through the primary schools of America
like a plague, is the latest manifestation of this insane addiction to defective teaching methods. It
is sad to know that millions of innocent children will be permanently damaged by these methods,
used by teachers who believe they are doing the right thing.
Establishment Not Interested
Edward Miller has gone to great lengths to bring his findings to the attention of the
government education and research establishment. His letters and phone calls to top officials
have been to no avail. What he has found out is what we have known for a long time: they are
not interested. They have their own agenda, and it has nothing to do with educational excellence.
At this point, our only hope is to reach enough parents so that as many children as possible
can be saved from the fate of functional illiteracy the public schools have in store for them. We
are advising all American parents to teach their children the three R’s at home or have them
taught at a trustworthy private school until at least the fourth grade. The most severe, permanent
damage is done to the children in the first three grades of public school. We believe that
homeschooling is the best educational alternative for all children. However, we realize that
homeschooling is not a viable alternative for many parents. In addition, many parents cannot
afford private education. But they must find some way to educate their children correctly in those
first crucial three years. Parents must also be made aware that permitting their pre-school
children to memorize a battery of sight words will cause reading problems later on. They should
teach their children to read by intensive, systematic phonics before giving them little preschool
books to read. This will “immunize” the children against dyslexia. And lastly, pray for those
children whose parents, or teachers, do not have this knowledge — and then. . . pray for
America.

